Prognostic Impact of Change in Nutritional Risk on Mortality and Heart Failure After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

BACKGROUND: Limited data are available regarding change in the nutritional status after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). This study evaluated the prognostic impact of the change in the geriatric nutritional risk index following TAVR. METHODS: TAVR patients were analyzed in a prospective and observational study. To analyze the change in nutritional status, geriatric nutritional risk index of the patients was calculated on the day of TAVR and at 3-month follow-up. The impact of the change in nutritional risk index after TAVR on all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization (HF-h), and the composite of all-cause death and HF hospitalization was analyzed using the Cox Proportional Hazards model. RESULTS: Four hundred thirty-three patients were included. After TAVR, 68.4% (n=182) patients with baseline nutritional risk improved compared with 31.6% (n=84) who remained at nutritional risk. The change from no-nutritional risk to nutritional risk after TAVR occurred in 15.0% (n=25), while 85.0% (n=142) remained without risk of malnutrition. During follow-up, 157 (36.3%) patients died and 172 patients (39.7%) were hospitalized due to HF. Patients who continued to be at nutritional risk had a higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.10 [95% CI, 1.30-3.39], P=0.002), HF-h (HR, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.26-3.06], P=0.000), and the composite of death and HF-h (HR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.37-2.91], P<0.001). The change to non-nutritional risk after TAVR significantly impacted mortality (HR, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.30-0.78], P=0.003), HF-h (HR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.34-0.74], P=0.001), and the composite outcome (HR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.32-0.62], P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Remaining at nutritional risk after TAVR confers a poor prognosis and is associated with an increased risk of mortality and HF-h, while the change from risk of malnutrition to non-nutritional risk after TAVR was associated with a halving of the risk of mortality and HF-h. Further studies are needed to identify whether patients at nutritional risk would benefit from nutritional intervention during processes of care of TAVR programs.

[Impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on COVID-19 in a western population. CARDIOVID registry]. / Impacto de los inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina y los antagonistas del receptor de la angiotensina II en la COVID-19 en una población occidental. Registro CARDIOVID.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been designated a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. It is unclear whether previous treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) affects the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical implications of previous treatment with ACEI/ARB on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 infection. METHODS: Single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study based on all the inhabitants of our health area. Analyses of main outcomes (mortality, heart failure, hospitalization, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and major acute cardiovascular events [a composite of mortality and heart failure]) were adjusted by multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching models. RESULTS: Of the total population, 447 979 inhabitants, 965 patients (0.22%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, and 210 (21.8%) were under ACEI or ARB treatment at the time of diagnosis. Treatment with ACEI/ARB (combined and individually) had no effect on mortality (OR, 0.62; 95%CI, 0.17-2.26; P = .486), heart failure (OR, 1.37; 95%CI, 0.39-4.77; P = .622), hospitalization rate (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.45-1.64; P = .638), ICU admission (OR, 0.87; 95%CI, 0.30-2.50; P = .798), or major acute cardiovascular events (OR, 1.06; 95%CI, 0.39-2.83; P = .915). This neutral effect remained in a subgroup analysis of patients requiring hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Previous treatment with ACEI/ARB in patients with COVID-19 had no effect on mortality, heart failure, requirement for hospitalization, or ICU admission. Withdrawal of ACEI/ARB in patients testing positive for COVID-19 would not be justified, in line with current recommendations of scientific societies and government agencies.

Impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on COVID-19 in a western population. CARDIOVID registry.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been designated a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. It is unclear whether previous treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) affects the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical implications of previous treatment with ACEI/ARB on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 infection. METHODS: Single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study based on all the inhabitants of our health area. Analyses of main outcomes (mortality, heart failure, hospitalization, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and major acute cardiovascular events [a composite of mortality and heart failure]) were adjusted by multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching models. RESULTS: Of the total population, 447 979 inhabitants, 965 patients (0.22%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, and 210 (21.8%) were under ACEI or ARB treatment at the time of diagnosis. Treatment with ACEI/ARB (combined and individually) had no effect on mortality (OR, 0.62; 95%CI, 0.17-2.26; P=.486), heart failure (OR, 1.37; 95%CI, 0.39-4.77; P=.622), hospitalization rate (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.45-1.64; P=.638), ICU admission (OR, 0.87; 95%CI, 0.30-2.50; P=.798), or major acute cardiovascular events (OR, 1.06; 95%CI, 0.39-2.83; P=.915). This neutral effect remained in a subgroup analysis of patients requiring hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Previous treatment with ACEI/ARB in patients with COVID-19 had no effect on mortality, heart failure, requirement for hospitalization, or ICU admission. Withdrawal of ACEI/ARB in patients testing positive for COVID-19 would not be justified, in line with current recommendations of scientific societies and government agencies.

Ramipril in High-Risk Patients With COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory-syndrome coronavirus-2 that interfaces with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. This interaction has been proposed as a potential risk factor in patients treated with RAAS inhibitors. OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed whether RAAS inhibitors modify the risk for COVID-19. METHODS: The RASTAVI (Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Benefits in Clinical Evolution and Ventricular Remodeling After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) trial is an ongoing randomized clinical trial randomly allocating subjects to ramipril or control groups after successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement at 14 centers in Spain. A non-pre-specified interim analysis was performed to evaluate ramipril's impact on COVID-19 risk in this vulnerable population. RESULTS: As of April 1, 2020, 102 patients (50 in the ramipril group and 52 in the control group) were included in the trial. Mean age was 82.3 ± 6.1 years, 56.9% of the participants were male. Median time of ramipril treatment was 6 months (interquartile range: 2.9 to 11.4 months). Eleven patients (10.8%) have been diagnosed with COVID-19 (6 in control group and 5 receiving ramipril; hazard ratio: 1.150; 95% confidence interval: 0.351 to 3.768). The risk of COVID-19 was increased in older patients (p = 0.019) and those with atrial fibrillation (p = 0.066), lower hematocrit (p = 0.084), and more comorbidities according to Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (p = 0.065). Admission and oxygen supply was required in 4.9% of patients (2 in the ramipril group and 3 in the control group), and 4 of them died (2 in each randomized group). A higher body mass index was the only factor increasing the mortality rate (p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS: In a high-risk population of older patients with cardiovascular disease, randomization to ramipril had no impact on the incidence or severity of COVID-19. This analysis supports the maintenance of RAAS inhibitor treatment during the COVID-19 crisis. (Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Benefits in Clinical Evolution and Ventricular Remodeling After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation [RASTAVI]; NCT03201185).

Predictores e impacto pronóstico de la insuficiencia cardiaca tras el implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica con una prótesis autoexpandible / Predictors and outcomes of heart failure after transcatheter aortic valve implantation using a self-expanding prosthesis

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: El objetivo es analizar la incidencia, los predictores y el impacto pronóstico de la insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) aguda tras el implante percutáneo de una válvula aórtica (TAVI) con una prótesis autoexpandible. MÉTODOS: Desde 2008, se incluye prospectivamente en nuestro registro de TAVI a todos los pacientes sometidos a TAVI en nuestro centro. Se analizan los factores pronósticos determinantes de IC aguda, y la relación con la mortalidad mediante modelos de regresión de Cox. RESULTADOS: Se sometieron a TAVI 399 pacientes, con una media de edad de 82,4 ± 5,8 años, de los que 213 (53,4%) eran mujeres. Durante el seguimiento (27,0 ± 24,1 meses), el 29,8% de los pacientes (n = 119) ingresaron en el hospital con el diagnóstico de IC aguda, lo que representa una incidencia anual del 13,2% (IC95%, 11,1-15,8%). Al final del seguimiento, habían fallecido 150 pacientes (37,59%). En el grupo de IC aguda se evidenció una tasa de mortalidad significativamente mayor (el 52,1 frente al 31,4%; HR = 1,84; IC95%, 1,14-2,97; p < 0,012). El diagnóstico previo de IC (p = 0,019) y la puntuación de la Society of Thoracic Surgeons (p = 0,004) se identificaron como predictores independientes de IC aguda tras el TAVI. Además, el índice de riesgo nutricional y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica son los principales factores que ensombrecen el pronóstico dentro del grupo de IC aguda. CONCLUSIONES: El TAVI se asocia con una alta incidencia de eventos de IC aguda, lo que supone un gran impacto en la mortalidad. La IC aguda previa al implante y la puntuación de la Society of Thoracic Surgeons fueron los únicos predictores de IC aguda hallados. Un índice de riesgo nutricional bajo y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica son potentes determinantes de mortalidad en el grupo de IC aguda

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this analysis was to assess the incidence, predictors and prognostic impact of acute heart failure (AHF) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using a self-expanding prosthesis. METHODS: From November 2008 to June 2017, all consecutive patients undergoing TAVI in our center were prospectively included in our TAVI registry. The predictive effect of AHF on all-cause mortality following the TAVI procedure was analyzed using Cox regression models. RESULTS: A total of 399 patients underwent TAVI with a mean age of 82.4 ± 5.8 years, of which 213 (53.4%) were women. During follow-up (27.0 ± 24.1 months), 29.8% (n = 119) were admitted due to AHF, which represents a cumulative incidence function of 13.2% (95%CI, 11.1%-15.8%). At the end of follow-up, 150 patients (37.59%) had died. Those who developed AHF showed a significantly higher mortality rate (52.1% vs 31.4%; HR, 1.84; 95%CI, 1.14-2.97; P = .012). Independent predictors of AHF after TAVI were a past history of heart failure (P = .019) and high Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (P = .004). We found that nutritional risk index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were strongly correlated with outcomes in the AHF group. CONCLUSIONS: TAVI was associated with a high incidence of clinical AHF. Those who developed AHF had higher mortality. Pre-TAVI AHF and high Society of Thoracic Surgeons score were the only independent predictors of AHF in our cohort. A low nutritional risk index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were independent markers of mortality in the AHF group

Valvuloplastia aórtica transradial bilateral con doble balón, nuestra primera experiencia / Bilateral transradial aortic valvuloplasty with double balloon angioplasty: our first experience

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Predictors and outcomes of heart failure after transcatheter aortic valve implantation using a self-expanding prosthesis.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this analysis was to assess the incidence, predictors and prognostic impact of acute heart failure (AHF) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using a self-expanding prosthesis. METHODS: From November 2008 to June 2017, all consecutive patients undergoing TAVI in our center were prospectively included in our TAVI registry. The predictive effect of AHF on all-cause mortality following the TAVI procedure was analyzed using Cox regression models. RESULTS: A total of 399 patients underwent TAVI with a mean age of 82.4 ± 5.8 years, of which 213 (53.4%) were women. During follow-up (27.0 ± 24.1 months), 29.8% (n = 119) were admitted due to AHF, which represents a cumulative incidence function of 13.2% (95%CI, 11.1%-15.8%). At the end of follow-up, 150 patients (37.59%) had died. Those who developed AHF showed a significantly higher mortality rate (52.1% vs 31.4%; HR, 1.84; 95%; CI, 1.14-2.97; P = .012). Independent predictors of AHF after TAVI were a past history of heart failure (P = .019) and high Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (P = .004). We found that nutritional risk index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were strongly correlated with outcomes in the AHF group. CONCLUSIONS: TAVI was associated with a high incidence of clinical AHF. Those who developed AHF had higher mortality. Pre-TAVI AHF and high Society of Thoracic Surgeons score were the only independent predictors of AHF in our cohort. A low nutritional risk index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were independent markers of mortality in the AHF group.

Impacto de los inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina y los antagonistas del receptor de la angiotensina II en la COVID-19 en una población occidental. Registro CARDIOVID / mpact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on COVID-19 in a western population. CARDIOVID registry

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: La Organización Mundial de la Salud calificó la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) como una pandemia global. No está claro si el tratamiento previo con inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (IECA) y antagonistas de los receptores de angiotensina (ARA-II) tiene un impacto en el pronóstico de los pacientes infectados con COVID-19. El objetivo fue evaluar la implicación clínica del tratamiento previo con IECA/ARA-II en el pronóstico de la COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, unicéntrico, de cohortes basado en todos los habitantes del área de salud. El análisis de los resultados principales (mortalidad, insuficiencia cardiaca, hospitalización, ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y eventos cardiovasculares agudos mayores [un compuesto de mortalidad e insuficiencia cardiaca]), se ajustó mediante modelos de regresión logística multivariada y modelos de coincidencia de puntaje de propensión. RESULTADOS: De una población total, 447.979 habitantes, 965 pacientes (0,22%), fueron diagnosticados de infección por COVID-19, 210 (21,8%) estaban bajo tratamiento con IECA o ARA-II en el momento del diagnóstico. El tratamiento con IECA/ARA-II (combinado e individualmente) no tuvo efecto sobre la mortalidad (OR=0,62; IC95%, 0,17-2,26; p = 0,486), insuficiencia cardiaca (OR=1,37; IC95%, 0,39-4,77; p = 0,622), tasa de hospitalización (OR=0,85; IC95%, 0,45-1,64; p = 0,638), ingreso en UCI (OR=0,87; IC95%, 0,30-2,50; p = 0,798) y cardiopatía aguda grave eventos (OR=1,06; IC95%, 0,39-2,83; p = 0,915). En el análisis del subgrupos de pacientes que requirieron hospitalización, el efecto se mantuvo neutral. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento previo con IECA/ARA-II en pacientes con COVID-19 no tuvo efecto sobre la mortalidad, la aparición de insuficiencia cardíaca, ni en la necesidad de hospitalización ni ingreso en UCI. La supresión de IECA/ARA-II en pacientes con COVID-19 no estaría justificada en ningún caso, de acuerdo a las recomendaciones actuales de las sociedades científicas y las agencias gubernamentales

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been designated a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. It is unclear whether previous treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) affects the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical implications of previous treatment with ACEI/ARB on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 infection. METHODS: Single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study based on all the inhabitants of our health area. Analyses of main outcomes (mortality, heart failure, hospitalization, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, and major acute cardiovascular events [a composite of mortality and heart failure]) were adjusted by multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching models. RESULTS: Of the total population, 447 979 inhabitants, 965 patients (0.22%) were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, and 210 (21.8%) were under ACEI or ARB treatment at the time of diagnosis. Treatment with ACEI/ARB (combined and individually) had no effect on mortality (OR, 0.62; 95%CI, 0.17-2.26; P=.486), heart failure (OR, 1.37; 95%CI, 0.39-4.77; P=.622), hospitalization rate (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.45-1.64; P=.638), ICU admission (OR, 0.87; 95%CI, 0.30-2.50; P=.798), or major acute cardiovascular events (OR, 1.06; 95%CI, 0.39-2.83; P=.915). This neutral effect remained in a subgroup analysis of patients requiring hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Previous treatment with ACEI/ARB in patients with COVID-19 had no effect on mortality, heart failure, requirement for hospitalization, or ICU admission. Withdrawal of ACEI/ARB in patients testing positive for COVID-19 would not be justified, in line with current recommendations of scientific societies and government agencies

Implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica transfemoral facilitado con Shockwave Lithoplasty. Experiencia inicial en un centro español / Shockwave lithoplasty-facilitated transfemoral access for transcatheter aortic valve replacement. An initial single-center experience in Spain

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Impact of Coronary Revascularization in Patients Who Underwent Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common co-morbidity in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients, but the prognostic value of coronary revascularization before TAVI is currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of coronary revascularization in patients who underwent TAVI. Patients underwent TAVI from 2008 to 2016 were included in the study. Baseline SYNTAX score and residual SYNTAX score (rSS) after percutaneous coronary intervention were calculated. Based on rSS, patients were classified as complete revascularization (rSS = 0), reasonably incomplete revascularization (rSS >0 and <8), and incomplete revascularization (rSS ≥8). The primary objective was to evaluate the impact of CAD and rSS on major cardiovascular adverse events (MACEs). The secondary objective was to assess the impact of rSS on hospitalization for heart failure. A total of 349 patients (mean age 82.4 ± 5.7 years, 53% women) were included in the study. A total of 187 patients (53.6%) had CAD (mean baseline SYNTAX score 9.2 ± 8.1). Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 29.9% of patients, achieving reasonably incomplete revascularization in 45.4%, and incomplete revascularization in 24.5%. The mean follow-up was 35.2 ± 25.3 months. No differences were observed in MACE rate between the CAD and non-CAD groups, or between the different degrees of revascularization. Differences were also not seen in the different levels of revascularization and hospitalization due to heart failure. In patients who underwent TAVI in this study, no association was found between the presence of CAD or the degree of revascularization in a long-term follow-up.